Keeping evidence: how to preserve documents, messages and records
Good evidence wins cases. How to preserve documents, chats and digital records so they can be relied on.
In almost every legal matter, the outcome depends on evidence. Preserving it early — and properly — is one of the most valuable things you can do.
Documents
- Keep originals safe and make copies.
- Do not write on, alter or annotate originals.
- Keep documents in date order in a single folder.
Messages and digital records
- Export WhatsApp chats and emails rather than relying only on screenshots.
- Back up phones and laptops.
- Keep devices — do not reset or dispose of them.
- Note the dates and phone numbers or email addresses involved.
Electronic evidence in court
Nigerian courts admit electronic evidence under the Evidence Act 2011, but it usually needs to be accompanied by a certificate of authenticity. Your lawyer will guide you on what is required.
What not to do
- Never delete or edit messages, even unhelpful ones.
- Do not create documents after the event and present them as original.
- Do not post about your matter on social media.
Checklist
- ☐ Originals secured
- ☐ Chats and emails exported
- ☐ Devices backed up and kept
- ☐ Nothing deleted
Every situation is different — for advice on yours, speak with our team in confidence.